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All the world’s a stage. Sometimes we’re the hero — other times the wacky sidekick. Filmmakers mine familiar motifs like these again and again, only to emerge with fresh and vital takes on the human experience. Take a look at some of our favorites.
Motif: Dystopic Future
Film: Blade Runner
Director: Ridley Scott

Though it may seem cliché today, Blade Runner offered one of the earliest contemporary visions of a dark, dystopic future. Drawing on the film noir tradition of the 40s, the work offers a gritty futuristic view of the streets of Los Angeles where technology may have advanced, but people are as ill-intentioned as ever.

Other Examples
  • Mad Max
  • They Live
  • Fifth Element
Motif: Innocent Bystander
Film: North By Northwest
Director: Alfred Hitchcock

Alfred Hitchcock was one of the first to inject glamour and wit into the formerly dark world of cinematic espionage. In the elegant spy thriller North By Northwest, Cary Grant plays a handsome advertising executive mistaken for a spy by a group of foreign agents. Stuck in a multinational sting operation, this innocent bystander races across some of the most breathtaking scenery in cinematic memory, all the while trying to determine why he is being pursued.

Other Examples
  • Dave
  • The Last King of Scotland

Motif: Infected by Aliens
Film: Alien
Director: Ridley Scott

Ridley Scott’s sci-fi horror film Alien introduced audiences to a crew of work-weary astronauts headed home to Earth. When a mysterious distress signal diverts their mission to an obscure planet where a vicious pod creature manages to sneak itself on board, the infectious thrill-ride really begins. Sigourney Weaver plays the level-headed Ripley, who is forced into a terrifying game of cat and mouse as the alien picks off crewmates one by one.

Other Examples
  • Invasion of the Body Snatchers
  • The Faculty

Motif: Loose Cannon
Film: Lethal Weapon
Director: Richard Donner

When it comes to cop comedies, you can bet on finding the proverbial loose cannon. Lethal Weapon recreates the buddy cop film by introducing the straight-laced officer (Danny Glover), and the loose cannon (Mel Gibson). Shadowed by loss and lacking any fear of death, Gibson’s character runs-amok in an equally loose plot that allows the pair to break all the rules.

Other Examples
  • Dirty Harry
  • Death Wish

Motif: Out of Your League
Film: Knocked Up
Director: Judd Apatow

Knocked Up stars Seth Rogen and Katherine Heigl as an oddly matched couple who stick together after a one-night stand leads to impending parenthood. From the moment they meet, it's clear that Rogen's character Ben is playing way out of his league. While they have little in common, the diametrically-opposed pair attempts to make their relationship work with sweetly unexpected results.

Other Examples
  • Can't Buy Me Love
  • Weird Science

Motif: Misfit Lovers
Film: Natural Born Killers
Director: Oliver Stone

Directed by Academy Award-winning director Oliver Stone, Natural Born Killers was loosely inspired by a true-life teenage couple’s two-week murder spree. Woody Harrelson and Juliette Lewis find common ground as homicidal lovers that flee the law and attempt to mediate their outlandish childhoods through interstate carnage.

Other Examples
  • Benny & Joon
  • Harold and Maude
  • Sid and Nancy

Motif: Wacky Sidekick
Film: Clerks
Director: Kevin Smith

With Kevin Smith’s Clerks, the heart of the film lies with protagonist Dante Hicks, but deadpan sidekick Randal captures the spotlight. Add in the ultimate dynamic duo of Jay (played by Smith himself) and Silent Bob, and you get a study in sidekick styles from humble silence to incessant banter.

Other Examples
  • A Fish Called Wanda
  • Every Which Way But Loose
  • Short Circuit
  • Under the Wire
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Dropping a contest this good takes serious collaboration. Paste hooked us up with inspired music and genuine film savoir-faire. Take a look at Paste online to get your music and film fix.
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Intrigued? We asked our Frame of Reference contestants to choose a reference point from each of our Reference Palettes. See The Challenge for the full spread.
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